Global Cooperation and Gender Equity in the Green Economy: Challenges to Indonesian Women's Participation in Green Jobs

Abstract

This study aims to examine the role of international cooperation in improving gender equality in the green economy, with an emphasis on the barriers faced by Indonesian women in engaging in green employment. This study emphasizes the importance of international cooperation and domestic policies in building a green economy that is equitable and inclusive for all genders. Although the transition to a green economy creates new job opportunities, women's participation in Indonesia remains low because of social, cultural, and structural barriers. Women are under-represented in the energy and STEM fields, face discrimination in recruitment processes, and have limited access to sustainable training. Reports from the IMF (2024) and UN Women (2024) emphasize that increasing women's participation can accelerate sustainable innovation and equitable climate policies. This study employs a literature-based qualitative method to examine Indonesian women's involvement in green jobs. Information was gathered from international and national journal articles, reports from global organizations such as UN Women, the World Bank, and the ILO, and government policy documents related to the green economy and gender issues in Indonesia. The analysis employed a thematic approach, highlighting structural barriers such as limited access to training, wage inequality, and the underrepresentation of women, along with social barriers, including gender stereotypes and established norms. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential of international partnership initiatives to increase women's participation in green
jobs. The results suggest that while many challenges still limit engagement, global engagement and inclusive programs offer significant potential to strengthen gender equality and promote a just and equitable green economy shift in Indonesia.